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GLOSSARY

Financial glossary

Plain-language definitions of 37terms you'll see throughout the app. Click any letter below to jump.

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401(k)

A US employer-sponsored retirement account. Contributions reduce current taxable income; growth is tax-deferred.

50/30/20 rule

A budgeting guideline: 50% of take-home to needs, 30% to wants, 20% to savings and debt payoff.

A

APR (Annual Percentage Rate)

The yearly cost of borrowing money, expressed as a percentage. Includes interest and standard fees.

Example

A credit card with 22% APR charges roughly 1.83% (22÷12) each month on unpaid balances.

Avalanche method

A debt payoff strategy that attacks the highest-interest-rate debt first, then rolls payments into the next-highest.

Example

With 22% CC, 15% loan, 6% car — pay the CC first, then the loan, then the car.

B

Budget

A plan for how to spend, save, and invest your income over a specific period — usually monthly or per income deposit.

C

Cash flow

The movement of money in and out of your accounts over time. Positive cash flow means more in than out.

Compound interest

Interest earned on both your original investment and the interest already accrued. Makes money grow faster over time.

Example

$1,000 at 7% compounded annually is $1,070 after year 1, $1,145 after year 2 — that extra $5 is interest on the $70.

D

Debt-free date

The projected month you'll eliminate all debt based on your current payments and strategy.

Debt-to-income ratio (DTI)

Your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income. Lenders use it to assess risk. Below 36% is typically healthy.

Discretionary spending

Non-essential spending: dining out, entertainment, hobbies, subscriptions. The part of your budget you can cut most easily.

E

Emergency fund

Cash reserved for unexpected expenses. A starter fund is $1,000; a full fund is 3-6 months of essential expenses.

Employer match

Money your employer contributes to your retirement account based on your own contribution. Free money — capture it.

Example

A "100% match up to 5%" means for every 5% of salary you contribute, your employer adds another 5%.

F

FHSA (First Home Savings Account)

A Canadian tax-advantaged account for first-time home buyers. Contributions are tax-deductible and growth is tax-free.

Fixed expenses

Recurring costs that don't change month-to-month: rent, mortgage, car payment, insurance.

H

HSA (Health Savings Account)

A US tax-advantaged account for medical expenses, available with high-deductible health plans. Triple tax advantage.

I

Income Deposit

A payment from your employer or other income source. Payday Audit budgets per deposit rather than only monthly so the plan matches reality.

Interest

The cost of borrowing money (on debt) or the reward for lending it (on savings and investments). Expressed as a rate.

L

Liabilities

What you owe. Credit card balances, loans, mortgages, student debt. The "minus" side of net worth.

Lifestyle creep

The gradual increase in spending that happens as your income grows. Small upgrades that add up and erode savings potential.

M

Minimum payment

The smallest amount you're required to pay on a debt each month. Paying only the minimum is the slowest (and costliest) way out of debt.

N

Net pay

The amount that actually hits your bank account after taxes, retirement contributions, insurance, and other deductions.

Example

A $5,000 gross income deposit might become $3,700 net after taxes and deductions — $3,700 is what you budget.

Net worth

Your assets minus your liabilities. A single number that tracks your overall financial progress.

Example

Assets $50,000 (cash + retirement) − Liabilities $12,000 (credit card + loan) = $38,000 net worth.

P

Principal

The original amount of a loan, separate from interest. When you pay extra, it goes toward principal and reduces future interest.

R

Retirement

The life stage after you stop earning active income. Your investments and savings fund living expenses.

Roth IRA

A US tax-advantaged retirement account. Contributions are after-tax, but growth and withdrawals in retirement are tax-free.

RRSP (Registered Retirement Savings Plan)

A Canadian tax-advantaged retirement account. Contributions reduce current taxable income; growth is tax-deferred until withdrawal.

S

Savings rate

The percentage of your take-home pay that goes to savings and investments. A higher rate means a faster path to financial independence.

Example

A 20% savings rate on a $4,000 income deposit is $800 toward savings + investments each deposit.

Side hustle

Income beyond your primary job — freelance work, a side business, gig work. Usually taxed as self-employment.

Sinking fund

Money set aside over time to cover a known future expense. Annual insurance premiums, vacation, vehicle maintenance.

Example

Saving $100/month for 12 months so you have $1,200 ready when your annual car insurance bill lands.

Snowball method

A debt payoff strategy that attacks the smallest balance first for quick wins, then rolls payments into the next-smallest.

Example

With $500, $3,000, and $8,000 debts — pay off the $500 first regardless of rate, then tackle the $3,000.

T

Take-home pay

Same as net pay — what you actually receive after deductions.

Tax-advantaged account

A retirement or savings account with tax benefits: deductible contributions, tax-deferred growth, or tax-free withdrawals.

TFSA (Tax-Free Savings Account)

A Canadian account where contributions are after-tax but growth and withdrawals are tax-free. Flexible for any goal.

V

Variable expenses

Costs that change month-to-month: groceries, utilities, gas, dining out. Plan a realistic average.

W

Wealth building

The long-term process of growing net worth through saving, investing, and paying off debt. Compounds over decades.

Withholding

Money your employer takes out of each income deposit to pre-pay your taxes. Your refund (or bill) at tax time depends on whether withholding matched what you actually owe.

Z

Zero-sum budgeting

A budgeting method where every dollar is assigned a purpose before you spend it, so "income minus allocations" equals zero.